divergent plate mragins aka construtive plate margins.

oceanic oceanic plate margins:

convection current. magma rise from deep below the earth's surface thru the factures. cools and hardens to form new oceanic crusts.

marked by transform faults, run perpendicular to the main ridge.

submarine volcanoes. frequent but weak earthquakes.

found near mid ocean ridges due to plate movements.

continental continental plate margins.

rift valleys found nera continential areas in the world.

open up new seas.

hot spots: region where temp is higher than surrounding areas.

may cause to rip into three-arms.


convergent plate margins. aka destructive plate margins.

three types.

type one: oceanic continental convergent plate margin.

subduction zone. oceanic crust will sink to the bottom as it's less dense.

subduction plate will melt to produce magma and it will rises to the earth suface and cools and form volcanoes.

marked by deep ocean trenches, deep focus earthquakes and volcanism.

series of earthquakes in the Benoiff zone.

stress exerted by subducting plate will cause continental plate to fold or uplifted to form mountains.

eg. Andes and Peru Chile trench.


type two: oceanic oceanic convergent plate margin.

either one will sink.

same thing. got subduction zone.

marked by deep ocean trenches and island arc formation.

descending plate causes stress as two plates interact and causes frequent moderate to strong earthquakes.

eg. marianas trench.

type three: continental continental plate margin.

both will not sink. cos they are relatively light and resist downwards movements.

crust will buckle or be uplifted to form fold mountains.

termed as collison zone.

eg, himalayan mountain.

mass movements.

heave: downwards movement of particles thru alternation of expanison and contraction.

eg. frost heave.

flow: downwards movement w/o clear defined plane.

eg. earthflow, mudflow

sldie: downwards movement with clear defined plane.

eg. rock slides and land slides. deep landslides: rotaional slumps and slips.

five key factors affecting hydological cycle.

1) climate (ppt)
2) vegatation
3) soil condition
4) geology (rock types)
5) relief (steepness)


alrighty. my summary for wat`s tested for geog tml. i hope i will rmbb all these! my brain is almost dead.

i still got granite landforms. and human geog.